What is the role of a cutting tool in turning operations?

In turning operations, the cutting tool's primary role is to shape the workpiece by rotating it against the tool. The workpiece is secured and spun on a lathe while the cutting tool moves linearly along the surface of the material. This rotational motion allows the cutting tool to effectively remove material in a controlled manner, producing the desired shape, diameter, and finish of the workpiece.

Understanding the operation further, applying heat or providing alignment does not directly relate to the cutting tool's function in turning. While heat can be generated during cutting due to friction, it is not the primary role of the tool. Similarly, providing a steady reference point for alignment is often the responsibility of the machine setup and fixtures rather than the cutting tool itself. The cutting tool’s explicit function is to proactively engage the material and facilitate the machining process through material removal.